After ICL implantation, the biometer often misidentified the anterior chamber boundary. Even so, predicted refractive change remained within ±0.50 D for every formula.
doi: 10.1111/aos.70259In an independent 275-eye validation set, selecting formulas by AL, K and ACD reduced mean absolute error to 0.24 D and placed 89.1% within ±0.50 D.
doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000002055In a 325-eye series, O Formula had lower error than four contemporary formulas, but did not differ significantly from SRK/T and was tested at one center.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.08.049Across 271 short eyes, EVO and Holladay 1 had the lowest overall mean error, while Haigis, K6, Kane and PEARL-DGS led in particular axial-length ranges.
doi: 10.1007/s00417-026-07505-9In a 2,550-eye retrospective multicenter dataset, Moussa had the lowest mean absolute error, but its margin over the closest formulas was measured in hundredths of a diopter.
doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000002079In a prospective single-center series of 88 eyes, the Clareon monofocal IOL produced good distance vision and predictable refraction, but follow-up was too short to assess late glistenings.
doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S625906In a post-hoc analysis of 226 eyes, Barrett Universal II and Kane produced lower absolute error after secondary sutureless intrascleral fixation of a one-piece IOL.
doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20260707-01In an 11-eye pilot series with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, combining central Descemet stripping with cataract surgery produced a small average hyperopic shift from the planned refraction.
doi: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.03.022In 164 eyes longer than 26 mm, Barrett Universal II had the lowest mean absolute error but did not significantly outperform SRK/T or Haigis.
doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2193_25An analysis of 1,314 eyes found that total keratometry changed predictions according to the posterior-to-anterior corneal radius ratio, without a uniform gain in accuracy.
doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2026.08.020